New York National Guard Sgt. 1st Class Brian Pasquale, combat medic assigned to the 466th Medical Company Area Support, discusses creating a modified shotgun shell with a Brazilian Army jungle trainer at the night portion of the jungle familiarization and academics portion of Southern Vanguard 24 in Belem, Brazil, Nov. 4, 2023. Southern Vanguard, an annual bilateral exercise that rotates between partner nations in the U.S. Southern Command area of responsibility, enhances interoperability between the United States and partner nation forces.